Adaptation of central metabolite pools to variations in growth rate and cultivation conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract Background Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-known popular model system for basic biological studies and serves as host organism the heterologous production of commercially interesting small molecules proteins. The central metabolism at core to provide building blocks energy support growth survival in normal situations well during exogenous stresses forced protein production. Here, we present comprehensive study intracellular metabolite pool profiling when growing S. on different carbon sources batch cultivations rates nutrient-limited glucose chemostats. latest versions absolute quantitative mass spectrometry-based methodology were applied cover glycolytic pentose phosphate pathway metabolites, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), complete amino acid, deoxy-/nucleoside pools. Results Glutamate, glutamine, alanine, citrate four most abundant metabolites conditions tested. dominant class even though marked relative reduction compared other classes was observed nitrogen limited Interestingly, (PPP) display largest variation among cultivation while nucleoside pools are more stable vary within closer concentration window. overall trends nitrogen-limited chemostats increased with increasing rate. Next, comparing chosen chemostat reference rate (0.12 h ?1 , approximate one-fourth maximal unlimited rate) illuminates an pattern: almost all lower limitation, except TCA citrate, isocitrate ?-ketoglutarate. Conclusions This provides new knowledge-how adapting various which essential expanding our understanding cellular development improved phenotypes metabolic engineering.